Bansuri 

The  Basuri like flute is depicted in ancient Buddhist, Hindu and Jaina temple paintings and reliefs, as well as is common in the iconography of the Hindu god Krishna.^[

CONTRUCTION

The harvested bamboo with a desired diameter is cut, dried and treated with natural oils and resins to strengthen it. Once ready, the artisans examine the smoothness, straightness, and measure the dried hollow tube. They mark the exact positions for hole, then use hot metal rod skewers of different diameters to burn in the holes. Drilling and other methods of hole making is avoided as it is believed to damage the fiber orientation and the splits affects the music quality. The burnt in holes are then finished by sanding, one end plugged, the flute ringed at various positions to stabilize its form and shape over time, the unit tested for their musical performance. The distance of a finger-hole from the mouth-hole, and the diameter of the finger-hole controls the note it plays. Adjustments to the diameters of various holes is made by the artisans to achieve purity of the musical notes produced. The wall thickness of the bansuri determines the tone, range and octave tuning. Once all the holes have reached the their performance range, the bansuri is steeped in natural oils, cleaned, dried and decorated or bound with silk or nylon threads.^[

Musical notes

Six holes are sufficient to produce the seven basic :sa  ri (in Carnatic, re in Hindustani), ga, ma, pa, dha, and ni. When all holes are closed, it produces the bass scale, that is the root note of the basuri (pa). With one hole farthest from the closed end of the bansuri open, the instrument plays the dha. Similarly, ni is produced with two farthest holes open, sa with three farthest open, ri with four, ga with five, and ma is produced with all holes open